Education vs. Budget Cuts - 1052 Words

Education vs. Budget Cuts When I think of education, I think of how great it is and how far it can take us. Education is just as important as history. You know how they say if you don’t know your history you don’t know where you come from? Well, same goes for education, if you don’t have education you can’t go very far in life. These days, if you don’t have a college education it’s hard to find a good paying job because just having a high school diploma or a GED isn’t enough. Austin Bureau says, â€Å"Educators have again warned state lawmakers that severe budget cuts will hurt public education and pleaded for more flexibility in the way school districts deal with lower funding†. Because of the budget cuts, education is one of the†¦show more content†¦That number is ridiculous and irate. That is a lot of money being cut from education. I honestly want to know where the money is going. In my opinion it can’t be going anywhere that more effective than education. It’s not only effecting the state of Texas. Larissa Mae Suarez says, â€Å"Simultaneous actions also took place in other schools outside Metro Manila, organized by the National Union of Students of the Philippines (NUSP), against the state’s abandonment of its responsibility to ensure quality and accessible education for the youth†. With this being said, it’s not only a state problem; it’s a national problem also. Although Rick Perry had nothing to do with national problems, I think that the state and national government need to budget money better. In conclusion, education is major part of life and I don’t feel that it should be cut. If there is enough money in the rainy day fun to give towards education so that students could get the proper education that they deserve and teachers can keep their jobs then it should be given. I don’t think it’s fair the school funding is being reduced by 9.3 billion dollars and it’s only towards public education. Although private education is an alternate decision, everyone can’t afford it. Work Cited McCann, Ian. â€Å"Dallas students, parents rally against education cuts at Perry speech in Richardson†. 15 March 2011 Scharrer, Gary andShow MoreRelatedAssistance For Low Income Individuals And Families928 Words   |  4 PagesSNAP. However the federal government has threaten to cut back on the budget for SNAP. In January 2014 the Farm bill was proposed which included an 8.7 million cut to the SNAP program for the next 10 years. Obama later signed the bill into law on February 7, 2014 saying that the Bill would help create more jobs, move the economy forward and give Americans more equal opportunity (Resnikoff 1). Despite the government’s reasons for the budget cut 850 thousand households would be losing an average ofRead MoreA Balanced System Of The Republican Party And The Democratic Party1541 Words   |  7 Pagesbe ongoing debates between the parties are education, tax reform, immigration, national debt, healthcare and abortion. Republicans tend to lean more toward the freedoms, rights and responsibilities of the individual and the democrats lean more toward American equality and social responsibility. Due to the differences in core beliefs between the two groups, it is uncertain that the two parties will ever be able to see eye to eye. When it comes to education the Democrats believe that the public schoolRead MoreDescription of Political Party Preference in our Society Essay1067 Words   |  5 PagesWith time, personal experience, and with reading on many different issues, I have realized that I am more of a liberal democrat and not a conservative republican. 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Social Media And Its Impact On Society - 1981 Words

Name of the Assignment Name of the Writer Name of the Course Name of the Institute Name of the Instructor Date  Introduction The paper basically depicts the modern day dilemma where social media has not only become a part of life for youngsters; it has actually become an addiction for them. Many researchers have actually discussed the growing impact of social media on the lives of mostly the teenagers and youngsters, where they have come up with the outcome that social media have been playing a major part in our lives today. Although social media has various benefits and advantages where it connects people to all parts of the world. It has made the communication process a lot easier and it has actually helped individuals gain extensive†¦show more content†¦For instance, as the article states, today we believe the number of likes we get on our Facebook profile tend to reflect our acceptance in the society (Tristan, 2016) Moreover, if a friend tags us in one of his pictures we believe that we are quite social. However, the matter of fact is that some of the demographics in the teenagers actually are more vulnerable to social media and its approval. It is actually vital to understand that the designers today are actually exploiting this vulnerability. Moreover, the article also confirms the fact that the Western Culture is basically built around the different ideals of individuals’ choice and their freedom (Tristan, 2016) Most of us have been fiercely defending our personal right to make choices while we ignore the fact that the overall results and outcome only exploit us. 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Macbeth And Lady Macbeths Guilt Essay Example For Students

Macbeth And Lady Macbeths Guilt Essay Through The View Of A Reader, The Reasons Why Macbeth Is More Guilty By His Actions Then Lady Macbeth Is By Hers.Macbeth is a very exciting story containing all kinds of plots and murders. The characters that are killing and are planning murders are all very deceiving and treacherous. Two of the most dangerous criminals in this play are Lady Macbeth and her husband. Together they commit the most dreadful murder by killing the King; Duncan. This is why it is difficult to determine which one of these two is more guilty, because they each do their own part in committing the crime. Lady Macbeth would prepare the plan and then encourage Macbeth to go through with it. Macbeth did the actual murdering, he was also the first person who thought about killing Duncan. Furthermore he did some killing on his own. Lady Macbeth did not have any involvement in these cases. Based on these facts, Macbeth would be found more guilty than Lady Macbeth.The very first murder in this story was committed on Duncan. This crime was planned by both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. The actual murder was done by Macbeth, making him more guilty of the crime. Lady Macbeth just talked about committing the crime, but she never actually went through with it nor would she ever, and that is all that counts. Talking about committing the incident is very different from actually doing it. Lady Macbeth did a little more than just talk about it though. She also urged Macbeth into doing it and that is what makes her part of this crime, but she is not as guilty as Macbeth. He really didnt have to listen to what his wife said. Macbeth had a mind of his own and he could make his own decision. The other murders that Macbeth was involved in were not committed by him, but were ordered by him. The people who did the killing had no choice, they had to do it, because they worked for Macbeth. Macbeth knew this and was a bit more guilty in these murders then lady Macbeth was when she urged him.The idea of killing Duncan first came from Macbeth. Macbeth listened to the witches prophecies that said he would become King. Macbeth did not want to wait any longer and he thought the only way to become King was to kill the present King; Duncan. Macbeth later told Lady Macbeth about this and she just wanted to help him and do whatever she could for him, so that he would be happy and be King. She was also excited about becoming queen.

It was a selfish idea to build the long groyne at hengistbury head Essay Example

It was a selfish idea to build the long groyne at hengistbury head Essay For this piece of coursework, I have been asked to investigate if weather or not the building of the long groyne at Hengistbury Head was a selfish idea. This is an issue worth discussing because Hengistbury Head (HH) is a popular area, with many local residents and a lot of visiting tourists who come for the beach activities and services etc. HH is on the South coast of the UK, the most attacked coastline in the world, which is what causes the controversy, why protect one part of this coast, when all of it needs protecting? To help me in this investigation, I will answer some key questions: Where are HH and Highcliffe (HC) located? How has the shape of the coastline changed over time? (Before and after the groyne) what is HH and how was it formed? Why is it popular amongst tourists? What is there to do and see? What is an SSSI? What are the problems at HH regarding coastal erosion? What coastal protection methods are already in place? What evidence is there of coastal erosion at HC? Is there any coastal protection already at HC, if so, what? What do residents of HH and HC think about the erosion taking place along their coastline? I will also compare and contrast what is going on at HH and HC with case studies from across Britain. I will be using primary information; information that I myself has gathered, e.g. my booklet from the field trip, and secondary information, e.g. information from internet sites. I will draw this coursework to a close by giving my own opinion, using the information gathered from various sources as evidence to answer the key questions, and using them to back up what I think. We will write a custom essay sample on It was a selfish idea to build the long groyne at hengistbury head specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on It was a selfish idea to build the long groyne at hengistbury head specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on It was a selfish idea to build the long groyne at hengistbury head specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Two: Prediction Building the groyne at Hengistbury Head a selfish idea. In agreement with this statement, there are many things that could make the building of the groyne seem like a selfish idea. For example, the south coast of England is the most attacked coastline in the world, why should only one part be protected? What about the rest? Furthermore, Hengistbury Head is not only a friendly, bustling residential area, but also a popular tourist attraction, over 1,000,000 people visit HH every year, the groyne was very expensive, and needs maintaining, the money could have been spent on other things in the area to make it better for the those who live there and to make it better for, and attract more tourists. On the other hand however, it could be seen as unselfish, as there are almost always two sides to a story. As stated before, HH is a busy residential area, and very popular among tourists, the groyne is stopping the beaches from moving further and further along the coast, and protecting the land. Without it, the head would be at increasing risk of eroding further and further back, losing more and more land. This would be very unsuitable, due to the vast amount of people that live around/visit the head, homes and attractions would be destroyed, as well as memories. These are only 4 points arguing weather or not the groyne was selfish or not, by the end of this piece of work I hope to have many more, creating a stronger argument on this statement. Three: Key Questions One: Where are Hengistbury Head and Highcliffe located? Hengistbury Head and Highcliffe are both located in the South East of England, in the UK. Hengistbury Head is in Bournemouth, Dorset and South of Southampton, West of Portsmouth, East of Exeter and is on the edge of the Atlantic Ocean. Highcliffe is in Christchurch Dorset, located South of Hinton, west of Barton-on-Sea and East of Southbourne. Two: How Has the Shape of This Stretch of Coastline Changed Over Time? This is Hengistbury Head published in 1895, long before coastal erosion was understood or a worry. We can see here that the spit is much longer than it is in the most recent image, this is because they long groyne has not been built, so the area to the east of the spit is not deprived of beach material. It also shows that the small islands the Beerpan Rocks) are disappearing This is a more recent image of Hengistbury head, after the long groyne was built. We can see that the slat marsh has become larger since then; the groyne has also helped to trap beach sediment to the west of the headland. The spit is shorter, but the headland is wider and we notice that the Beerpan Rocks have completely disappeared. Three: What Is H.H How Was It Formed? Hengistbury Head is a headland; the definition of a head land is an area of land that is adjacent to water on 3 sides. It was formed by a number of natural processes, including erosion, long shore drift (where the sand and shingle are moved along the coast by the sea) and weathering where the elements erode the land causing it to change shape. What do Residents of H.H H.C think about the erosion taking place along their coastline? Four: Why is HH a popular tourist destination? Hengistbury head gets over 1,000,000 visitors a year, for a variety of reasons. The picturesque British coast provides a hot spot for families, and anyone who enjoys the beaches and coastline. HH also offers a lot of facilities for visitors; it has a nature reserve, and is a site of both scientific archaeological importance. The area surrounding HH makes perfect conditions for hikers and ramblers and the lowlands in the area to the west of the head are used a lot for kite flying and it is also a general picnic area. Another popular destination around HH is at its peak, named warren hill, where it is grassy and a pleasant place for families and couples. The surrounding towns such as Christchurch also have their own things to offer, the world famous Stone Henge is also only 30 miles away, which is always worth a stop. Five: What is an SSI? And why is HH one? The Wikipedia definition of an SSSI is: A Site of Special Scientific Interest or SSSI is a conservation designation denoting a protected area in the United Kingdom. S.S.S.Is are the basic building block of site-based nature conservation legislation and most other legal nature/geological conservation designations in Great Britain are based upon them, including National Nature Reserves, Ramsar Sites, Special Protection Areas, and Special Areas of Conservation. Hengistbury Head is an SSSI because it is home to many rare plants and animals. It is home to over 500 species of plant to date, including sea knotgrass (a nationally rare species) 14 types of Birds-Foot Trefoil (they are scarce) and 39 locally rare plants. There are also 300 types of bird have been recorded there, as well as large numbers of insects. Six: What are the problems at HH regarding coastal erosion? Erosion has been a huge problem for a number of years at HH, especially as the sea has now reached its base, where the can reach it with ease. The head was provided with some natural protection in the form of Ironstone Doggers that fell from the cliffs above onto the beach below, building natural barriers both on the beach, and out to sea.. Because of these, erosion was an extremely slow or possibly even stationary process, and HH remained stable for about 2000 years. But the ironstone doggers got their name from the fact they could provide excellent quality iron ore, some were even found to contain 30%by weight iron ore. Their use dates back top prehistoric times, but their exploitation since the Iron Age had left them rusty in colour and less useful. Another major problem that HH is faced with is long shore drift, a phrase that has come up a lot in this work so far. Before the groyne, the sand and shingle from the beach was being washed further and further up the coast by the sea, as there was nothing to stop it meaning that the beach was moving away. Seven: What coastal protection methods are already in place at HH? As we already know, there are groynes at HH, as this is the main subject of this investigation, but there are also other things in place. A Gabion Revetment has been built at HH as well as the groynes at HH in order to protect its weakest point on its eastern end. Even though it is not too attractive, it is effective in that it protects HH from becoming an island! But, it does have a downside; its lifespan is limited as it is in a very harsh environment, enduring all the things that we are trying to protect HH against. Another technique used at HH is beach replenishment, where the sand that has been washed away by the sea is replaced with shingle, that is less prone to be moved my the water, however it is not a permanent solution and had to be repeated every 10 years or so, also, it does not bode well with beach lovers as the stony shingle does not give the same experience as a sandy beach. There is also currently a debate going on, to decide weather or not to build and artificial reef at HH. While the main drive for this is to attract wildlife, surfers and divers etc, it would also partially replenish the original marine/iron ore reef that was removed by mining in the 1850s. Eight: What evidence is there of coastal erosion at HC? At Highcliffe, there is a lot of evidence to show that there is coastal erosion taking place There is slumping taking place, meaning that the cliff is collapsing into itself. This is happening for a number or reasons. Firstly, the rock is made of clay, an extremely soft rock, which absorbs a lot of water, making it even softer and prone to collapsing. It is not protected whatsoever; it is open to elements, also attacking the soft rock. Furthermore, coastal protections elsewhere (e.g. the groyne at HH) have an effect of this area. There is also growing human development taking place onto of the cliff, weakening it. Nine: Is there any coastal protection at HC? If so, what? There are quite a few different methods of coastal protection being used to protect Highcliffe at the moment, all of different costs, effectiveness, appearance, scale and use. Rock Armour or Rip-Rap is used at Highcliffe; it consists of large boulders, commonly granite, placed along the coastline to protect it from erosion and other processes caused by the sea. It has both good and bad qualities, it looks natural, as it is rock, it is a long term solution and will last, it is also very effective. But, it is very expensive, because the rock has to be bought or extracted and then transported to the coast and set up, it then has to be maintained, it is could also be dangerous, as people, especially children climb on it etc. There are also Groynes at Highcliffe, just like the one at Hengistbury Head; they are also effective in that they stop sand and shingle from moving down the coast in long shore drift. But, it also has a downside, they are not very attractive, they are very expensive and require a lot of maintenance, without which they become less effective. There are Drainage Gullies these help to drain the excess water from the cliffs, to prevent saturation, and direct it back to the sea. They are nearly unnoticeable as they are inside the cliff. But, they are also very expensive, and the cliff is weakened slightly when they are inputted into the cliffs. Vegetation is plated on the cliffs, it is cheap, it also absorbs excess water to prevent saturation, it looks natural and is attractive. But, it has no where near the same effect as other methods of protection. There are rocks and boulders placed on the coast as part of Rock Armour/Rip Rap, but standing alone or in small groups and they have the same effect. Beach replenishment is used at HC as well as at HH, where the sand that has been moved is replaced with shingle, again it is cheap, but it is not the same as having a sandy beach, and needs replacing every 10 years or so. Finally, a technique called terracing has been used on the cliffs, where they have been cut into levels similar to stairs; this puts less pressure of the cliffs and prevents slumping. Unfortunately, it is very expensive and laborious to do and make it harder for water to run off of the cliff, unless there are drainage gullies. What do residents of HH and HC think about the erosion taking place along their coastline? Ten: What do residents of HH and HC think about the erosion taking place along their coastline? To answer this key question I will use my questionnaire, analysing it and using it as evidence to answer this question with. The first question on the questionnaire was Do you live locally? and the most popular answer was A: Yes, Im a local resident with 54%. The least popular answer was B: I am a tourist (19%). This survey was conducted on a Friday, during the daytime, if it had been done at the weekend, or school holidays etc, the outcome may have been completely different, as a less people would be at work ; school etc. The third question on my questionnaire was Have you seen a change in the coastline? and the most popular response was C: Yes, quite a lot of change (72%) and the lest popular was D: Yes a massive change (30%) although there has been a lot of change on this stretch of coastline over the years, it is very slow, so even local residents, may have only noticed a certain amount of change, those who have lived there their whole lives, may notice more of a change than others. I then went on to ask what changes have you seen along the coast?, if any and the most popular answer to this was More erosion taking place (46%) and the least popular was More damage caused by those that use H.H (14%) So from this, I can conclude that the residents are fully aware of the changes that are going on with their coastline, also, while filling in my questionnaire, people also gave us some of their opinions of what was going on at H.H, and the general feeling is that more should be being done to protect it, as H.H is their homes. When asked What do you think of the coastal protection in place already in this area? the most popular answer was B: Its working fairly well (68%) and the least popular by far was A: No good at all, theyre ineffective (8%) this shows that the residents are not only aware of the problem, but are also aware of what is being done to try and slow it down. Eleven: Compare and Contrast what is happening at HH and HC to other case studies from around the coast of Britain. Hengistbury Head is not the only case like this in the UK, for this key question I will compare and contrast this scenario to others around Britain. Recently there has been a lot in the news about the collapsed cliff in Lyme Regis. In February 2001, the latest phase of an operation to stop the Lyme Regis falling into the sea was revealed; a new sea wall, at the cost of about à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½4m, but on the evening of the 6th of May 2008, the cliff partially collapsed and 100s of tonnes of debris tumbled onto the beach below, thankfully no one was hurt, and no buildings were lost. The area is very prone to landslips like this, and they have happened before, but the most recent one is being said to be the worst in 100 years. Lyme Regis, similar to HH and HC is a busy residential and tourist area and the main reasons for the protection of this part of the coast is the 170 homes, the football pitch, St Michaels Church (a historical landmark) and Charmouth Road, the main route out of the town. The reason behind the landslips is not only attack by the sea, but also just the make up of the rock; it is made from layers of soft blue lias clay that lay over a layer of harder limestone, this set up means that the rock takes on rainwater, becoming saturated, causing the land to become more unstable. The first phase of this project was completed in 1996, and the second and third were completed in 2007, the work was taken on very quickly after falling rocks destroyed two buildings. This related to what is happening at HH and HC because although work is being done, the land is still collapsing and slipping away. This is however, different in many ways to what is happening to HH and HC, large pieces of these cliffs have yet to fall away and bring the message truly home. This part of coastline also had protection already in place, this shows that sometimes one thing isnt enough to tackle the elements, and more perhaps needs to be done. Another example of a similar scenario is Steephill Cove, which is on the Isle of Wight: Steephill Cove is backed by residential development, and has Victorian coastal defences, which were partially upgraded in 1992/3 it was then recognised that further work was needed on the sea wall in the centre of the bay. The reason behind this need for further work of the coastal defences was that the land was unstable, similar to Lyme Regis, due to coastal erosion. As said before, the fact that further work was needed was recognised years ago, just not the extent of what was needed. This shows that not enough is understood about what is happening to our coasts, it is often taking landslides or cliff collapses to remind people of what is going on, work is also left until the area is truly desperate, as is in this example. These two other cases link back to my prediction that it could be seen as a selfish or unselfish idea to build these defences, or in some cases not building them quick enough. These two cases will help me with my conclusion. Four: Conclusion. Over this piece of coursework I have looked at lots of pieces of evidence to help me answer the question I was asked at the beginning. Before giving my final opinion I will sum up both sides of the argument, using everything I have learned over the past few weeks, finishing with my own opinion, again backing it up with what I have learned. On one hand, the building of the groyne at HH can be seen as a selfish idea. I will go through these points in order of importance as I see them from least to the most important argument. Firstly, there is a religious view to this argument, God built the earth and the sea, and provided us with the elements, he didnt provide coastal defences, the land is only doing what is natural to it .Secondly, although coastal defences are effective and protect our beautiful country from crumbling into the sea from the outside in, but they are not attractive, HH and HC are both very beautiful places with high numbers of residents and tourists and the groynes and other defences subtract from their natural magnificence somewhat. Thirdly, coastal defences are very expensive, costing thousands, sometimes even millions of pounds, as well as needing to be maintained and repaired, as stated before, HH is very popular tourist area, with over 1,000,000 visitors per year, the money used to build the groyne could have been better spent elsewhere, improving local services etc in order to bring back and bring in more visitors to the area. Fourthly, and possibly the best argument in my opinion, is that the south coast of Britain is the most attacked coastline in the world, but not all of it is being protected, some parts are left completely bare to be worn away by the sea, wind and rain. This is obvious if you visit Hengistbury Head, there is a point where you can stand, if you look to one side, you can sea the long groyne and the difference that it makes, look to the other, there is no defences what so ever, where you can see the effect the sea has had on the area. On the other hand, the building of the groyne can be seen as unselfish. As I said before, HH and HC are both busy residential and tourist areas, the coastal defences that are in place are protecting the area so that it can continue to be enjoyed in good condition and also stay safe to live on and visit. HC already has a lot of coastal defences, in the form of sea walls, gabions, rock armour and beach replenishment etc. The residents of Hengistbury Head, when filling in a questionnaire, answered the question would you prefer it if the coast was left unprotected? 72% said no, this shows that the residents of HH and HC want the protection there to keep their towns and homes etc safe, on this level it is unselfish, because it is what the majority want. Furthermore, the residents of Highcliffe also answered this questionnaire, the main argument is; is the groyne a selfish idea because of the effect it has on the neighbouring town of Highcliffe? The residents here do not think that the coa st should be left un protected either. In conclusion I feel that the building of the long groyne at Hengistbury Head was NOT selfish one. I think this because of the amount of protection that is present at Highcliffe too, both areas are equally protected from coastal erosion for the time being. Also, I feel that it wasnt a selfish idea due to the amount of tourism the area attracts with over 1,000,000 visitors per year, the protection in place means that people will continue to come back and more new visitors will come to enjoy the scenic British coast this will maintain the economy in the area and keep local businesses thriving etc. Lastly, I feel that the groyne was not a selfish idea because not enough awareness is being raised of the issues of coastal erosion, the councils at HH and HC are obviously aware of what is happening to the coast around their areas but others are not, it more awareness is raised then more parts of the British coast can be protected. Five: Evaluation. Although the visits to HH and HC were useful, trips are different times of the year and day would be useful too because the groups of people visiting would be different and they would give different opinions are answers to questionnaires etc as would the landscape, we went on a typical summer/spring day during the week in the middle of the day, if we were to visit in mid winter at the weekend for example, we would have probably met some completely different people and the results of our questionnaires would be very different. In an ideal world case studies for things such as coastlines would be done over a period of a number of years, in order to see the changes happening first hand instead of researching it and asking people about it. From completing this piece of coursework I have learned quite a lot, the different types of coastal protection, how they work, how much they coast, how this case relates to others around the country, what the residents of the area really think, I have also learned the importance of spreading coursework out evenly and giving yourself enough time to complete it, and not panicking if youre struggling. If I was to do this coursework again there are several things that I would do differently, I would ask more people to fill in my questionnaire, and gather more in depth information from them on their opinions of what is happening at HH and HC I would also try to keep my field work more detailed and neater to help me later on.

Changes in the Land essays

Changes in the Land essays Changes in the Land; Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England In this paper, I will answer the following question: Compare and contrast the impacts of the New England Colonists and New England Natives on that regions ecosystem. Explain the cultural, social and economic factors that account for the different impacts the two groups had on the land. For starters I would like to state that I really enjoyed reading this book. I found the facts and stories presented in the book to be very interesting and honest. I believe the author did a great job of looking at both perspectives and presented the information in a fair and concise manner. From my experiences growing up, a lot of the information presented in this book is rarely taught in the classroom. From what I can remember growing up, the emphasis is placed on Christopher Columbus and the other Europeans arriving at the New World and their trials and tribulations they experience here. Never is anything taught about how the Native Americans feel about this and how their way of living is affected by the new settlers. I am a graduate student in the Education field with the hopes of one day becoming a Social Studies/Psychology teacher and this is relevant information that I feel should be shared with the students. Not only that but I feel that by not sharing this information, we a re oppressing the lives of Native American students that we may have in our classrooms. Now that I have stated these points, I will step off of my soapbox and continue on with the relevant parts of my essay. The first specific change in the ecosystem I would like to discuss is deforestation. When the European settlers arrived and prior to their arrival, deforestation occurred for many reasons. When the European settlers arrived, they would clear the land to be able to establish homes and to be able to grow food. The tress that they cut down would be used to build homes for the ne...

Operation Cobra in World War II

Operation Cobra in World War II Operation Cobra was conducted from July 25 to 31, 1944, during World War II (1939-1945). After the Allied landings in Normandy, commanders began to formulate a plan to push out from the beachhead. Initial efforts were hampered by the need to take the city of Caen in the east and the dense hedgerow country in the west. Seeking to launch a major breakout, General Omar Bradley sought to focus the Allies efforts on a narrow front west of St. Là ´. Moving forward on July 25 after the area had been heavy bombed, American troops achieved a breakthrough. By the third day, most organized German resistance had been overcome and the speed of the advance increased. Coupled with assaults by British and Canadian forces, Operation Cobra led to the collapse of the German position in Normandy. Background Landing in Normandy on D-Day (June 6, 1944), Allied forces quickly consolidated their foothold in France. Pushing inland, American forces in the west encountered difficulty negotiating the bocage of Normandy. Hampered by this vast network of hedgerows, their advance was slow. As June passed, their greatest successes came on the Cotentin Peninsula where troops secured the key port of Cherbourg. To the east, British and Canadian forces fared little better as they sought to capture the city of Caen. Grappling with the Germans, the Allied efforts around the city succeeded drawing the bulk of the enemy armor to that sector (Map). Eager to break the deadlock and begin mobile warfare, Allied leaders began planning for a breakout from the Normandy beachhead. On July 10, following the capture of the northern part of Caen, the commander of the 21st Army Group, Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery, met with General Omar Bradley, commander of the US First Army, and Lieutenant General Sir Miles Dempsey, commander of the British Second Army, to discuss their options. Admitting progress was slow on his front, Bradley put forward a breakout plan dubbed Operation Cobra which he hoped to launch on July 18. Lt. Gen. Omar Bradley (center) with Lt. General George S. Patton (left) and General Sir Bernard Montgomery (right) at 21st Army Group HQ, Normandy, 7 July 1944. Public Domain Planning Calling for a massive offensive to the west of Saint-Là ´, Operation Cobra was approved by Montgomery who also directed Dempsey to keep pressing around Caen to hold the German armor in place. To create the breakthrough, Bradley intended to focus the advance on a 7,000 yard stretch of the front south of the Saint-Là ´Ã¢â‚¬â€œPeriers Road. Prior to the attack an area measuring 6,000 Ãâ€" 2,200 yards would be subjected to heavy aerial bombardment. With the conclusion of the air strikes, the 9th and 30th Infantry Divisions from Major General J. Lawton Collins VII Corps would move forward opening a breach in the German lines. These units would then hold the flanks while the 1st Infantry and 2nd Armored Divisions drove through the gap. They were to be followed by a five or six division exploitation force. If successful, Operation Cobra would allow American forces to escape the bocage and cut off the Brittany peninsula. To support Operation Cobra, Dempsey commenced Operations Goodwood and Atlantic on July 18. Though these took substantial casualties, they succeeded in capturing the remainder of Caen and forced the Germans to retain seven of the nine panzer divisions in Normandy opposite the British. Armies Commanders Allies Field Marshal Bernard MontgomeryGeneral Omar Bradley11 divisions Germans Field Marshal Gunther von KlugeColonel General Paul Hausser8 divisions Moving Forward Though the British operations commenced on July 18, Bradley elected to delay several days due to poor weather over the battlefield. On July 24, Allied aircraft began striking the target area despite questionable weather. As a result, they accidentally inflicted around 150 friendly fire casualties. Operation Cobra finally moved forward the next morning with over 3,000 aircraft striking the front. Friendly fire continued to be an issue as the attacks inflicted a further 600 friendly fire casualties as well as killed Lieutenant General Leslie McNair (Map). Advancing around 11:00 AM, Lawtons men were slowed by surprisingly stiff German resistance and numerous strong points. Though they gained only 2,200 yards on July 25, the mood in the Allied high command remained optimistic and the 2nd Armored and 1st Infantry Divisions joined the assault the next day. They were further supported by VIII Corps which began attacking German positions to the west. Fighting remained heavy on the 26th but began to wane on the 27th as German forces began retreating in the face of the Allied advance (Map). Breaking Out Driving south, German resistance was scattered and American troops captured Coutances on July 28 though they endured heavy fighting east of the town. Seeking to stabilize the situation, the German commander, Field Marshal Gunther von Kluge, began directing reinforcements west. These were intercepted by XIX Corps which had begun advancing on VII Corps left. Encountering the 2nd and 116th Panzer Divisions, XIX Corps became embroiled in heavy combat, but succeeded in shielding the American advance to the west. German efforts were repeatedly frustrated by Allied fighter bombers which swarmed over the area. U.S. tanks pass through a wrecked street in Coutances, Normandy in their drive to the sea beyond the town. National Archives and Records Admininstration With the Americans advancing along the coast, Montgomery directed Dempsey to begin Operation Bluecoat which called for an advance from Caumont towards Vire. With this he sought to hold German armor in the east while protecting Cobras flank. As British forces rolled forward, American troops captured the key town of Avranches which opened the way into Brittany. The next day, XIX Corps succeeded in turning back the last German counterattacks against the American advance. Pressing south, Bradleys men finally succeeded in escaping the bocage and began to drive the Germans before them. Aftermath As Allied troops were enjoying success, changes took place in command structure. With the activation of Lieutenant General George S. Pattons Third Army, Bradley ascended to take over the newly-formed 12th Army Group. Lieutenant General Courtney Hodges assumed command of First Army. Entering combat, Third Army poured into Brittany as the Germans attempted to regroup. Though the German command saw no other sensible course than to withdraw behind the Seine, they were ordered to conduct a large counterattack at Mortain by Adolf Hitler. Dubbed Operation Luttich, the attack began on August 7 and was largely defeated within twenty-four hours (Map). Sweeping east, American troops captured Le Mans on August 8. With his position in Normandy collapsing rapidly, Kluges Seventh and Fifth Panzer Armies risked being trapped near Falaise. Beginning on August 14, Allied forces sought to close the Falaise Pocket and destroy the German Army in France. Though nearly 100,000 Germans escaped the pocket before it was closed on August 22, around 50,000 were captured and 10,000 killed. In addition, 344 tanks and armored vehicles, 2,447 trucks/vehicles, and 252 artillery pieces were captured or destroyed. Having won the Battle of Normandy, Allied forces advanced freely to the Seine River reaching it on August 25.

A Study of Factors which Influence Management Student's Career Choices Dissertation

A Study of Factors which Influence Management Student's Career Choices after Graduating from Master's Degree - Dissertation Example Items of the questionnaire. 28 Table 2. Frequency and percentage distribution by gender. 33 Table 3. Frequency and percentage distribution by age. 33 Table 4. Frequency and percentage distribution by number of years since graduation from Masters in Management degree. 34 Table 5. Frequency and percentage distribution by ethnicity. 34 Table 6. Descriptive statistics: Extrinsic Factors (Status Orientation) 34 Table 7. Descriptive statistics: Intrinsic Factors: Self-realisation. 35 Table 8. Descriptive statistics: Intrinsic Factors: Self-determination 36 Table 9. ... Coefficient of determination: Influences to career choice of Management graduates. 39 Table 15. One-way ANOVA: Influences to career choice of Management graduates. 39 Table 16. Beta coefficients: Influences to career choice of Management graduates. 40 List of Acronyms There were no acronyms used in the research. An Investigation of the Factors which Influence Post-Graduate Management Students’ Career Choices: An Empirical Study Nameand ID Module code: Structured Abstract Purpose Overall, the present research aims to determine the factors that significantly influence the career objectives of management graduates. It aims to ascertain if extrinsic, intrinsic and interpersonal factors, along with personal and situational attributes significantly predict the choice of a management-related job or career by management graduates. Career objectives are referred to as the drivers of the career choice selected by an individual. As motivators, career objectives play a fundamental role in determining the career path of the individual and are thus quite significant in setting the career course of the person. Career objectives underlie the specific career choice and path that the individual will trod, including the job prospects that will be available for him; his future needs in monetary and psychological terms; and other key themes that determine the individual’s present satisfaction and his future intentions related to his profession. Being a fundamental factor in the process of determining the career path of an individual, career objectives are influenced by numerous factors. Subsequently, career objectives influence the preferred career choices of an individual. The myriad of effects presented by career objectives makes it quite essential to identify its influencing

Exhibition of Wayne Thibaud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Exhibition of Wayne Thibaud - Essay Example The essay "Exhibition of Wayne Thibaud" discovers Wayne Thibaud's Exhibition. A student of commercial art, he spent several years as a professional cartoonist at the Walt Disney Studios and elsewhere before moving on to teach art. Thibaud’s knowledge of and respect for commercial illustration greatly informed his subsequent work, which is marked by its formal geometric order and clearly defined forms. After briefly working in the dominant abstract expressionist style, Thibaud settled on realism as his primary mode of expression in the mid-1950s. In the 1960’s Thibaud received his Master’s from Sacramento State and later became an assistant Professor at the University of California, Davis—where he would remain through the 1970s. It was during his tenure at UC Davis when he created some of his most iconic works.In 1963, Thibaud turned increasingly to figure and landscape painting. Beginning in the 1970s, he began painting San Francisco cityscapes, wildly dis torted views of the city's streets and hillsides that are reminiscent not only of Richard Diebenkorn's cityscapes from the mid-sixties but also the Precisionist paintings of Charles Sheeler and Georgia O'Keefe. His most recent landscapes dating from the mid-1990s share many of the same spatial and planar distortions seen in the cityscapes but utilize hotter color and flattened planes to create the imagery. Although he has been frequently associated with Pop Art due to his choice of subject matter, Thibaud does not consider himself a Pop artist., nor does he align himself with the Bay Area figurative movement. His painting does not critique American culture so much as celebrate it, and his brushwork is more individual and expressive than the flat, mechanized style favored by Pop artists such as Andy Warhol and James Rosenquist. Thibaud himself disavows an allegiance to any style, preferring to concentrate on the discipline of painting and his formal concerns. This focus places him in context with earlier painters he admires, including the 18th-century French painter Chardin, Giorgio Morandi, and Edward Hopper. Wayne Thibaud was awarded the National Medal of Arts and a member of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters. In 2001, he was honored with a retrospective and monograph organized by the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco's Legion of Honor. The show to traveled to the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York City, The Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C, and the Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, Texas. His work is held by major museums in the United States and abroad. His recent series of beach painting was influenced by his youth which dates back to the 1920s and 1930s in Long Beach, California. Thibaud served as a city lifeguard which gave him a unique perspective of the coastline and activities happening at the beach. This was the first impression of beach culture that was marked on his tab (Wayne Thibaud: 70 years). At present, Thibaud continues to work on themes inspired by Southern California beach culture. He fuses his vivid colors with these subjects slightly diverging from the subjects of his early works. Comparing Thibaud's early works from his recent works, most of the subjects of his early works were foods such as cakes, pies and sandwiches. An example of his early work is the painting Cakes, pictured below, which was created in 1963. During his later years, his works incorporate landscapes and street scenes. Such is evident with his painting Rivers and Farms, pictured below,

A Glorious Defeat Essay Example for Free

A Glorious Defeat Essay In this book, Timothy J. Henderson examines the origins, outcomes, and modern-day consequences of the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). A Glorious Defeat is organized around two central questions: why did Mexico go to war with the United States in 1846 and why did the war go so badly for Mexico? Henderson does provide the answers to these questions, based on the reader having some knowledge of the expansionist history that the US partook in with its southern neighbors, but who are â€Å"far less certain why Mexico went to war with the United States† (xviii). Henderson provides this book to as a means to correct the current Anglo-centric literature that circulates America, in which blames Mexico for its own losses â€Å"because they were proud to the point of delusion, arrogantly overestimating their own strength† (xviii). He states that it is fair and adequate to state that neither side of the battle is to blame, when in fact stemmed from the weakness of the Mexican nation, not by the aggressive nature of the US. The fact is Mexico was not the thriving and well established US; it was a meek and frail nation. The US, after the annexation of Texas, saw Mexico with the government’s bonds to the northern states and own political standings, as a challenge that can be devoured by the victorious nation. There was also Mexico’s own acknowledgement of its nations weakness that drove the political leaders to engage in a war with an obvious superior nation, in attempts to gain power and defend its honor. War with the United States gave Mexican leaders the opportunity to â€Å"indulge in the illusion† that the nation was not rent by economic, ethnic, and geographic divisions, but was insteadâ€Å" resolute and united against a foreign foe† (191). Henderson attempts to â€Å"understand Mexico’s weakness and how that weakness helped land it in a war with the United States,† relying heavily on evidence of Mexico’s disadvantages in comparison to the vitality and abundance of the United States (xix). In order to demonstrate the historical, demographic, and geographic weaknesses that hindered the Mexican nation from the beginning, Henderson contrasts the Mexican and US colonial legacies, ethnic compositions, routes to independence, and geographic landscapes. This methodology allows Henderson to move through complex histories at a fast, easy clip, while staying faithful to his organizing principles of Mexico’s inherent weaknesses and the United States’ inescapable victory. His explanation on the geographic landscape demonstrates the complications that Mexico faced with chasms and volcanic mountains and lack of natural features, such as rivers, to provide an easy transit. He also brings the similarities of the colonial connections between Mexico and the US. Yet due to Spain’s â€Å"medieval† influence empowered a Mexican elite who â€Å"clung† to the traditional rights, inherited privileges, and material inequalities that they believed were established by God and the church (4-5). The US, in contrast, was formed and led by men steeped in the theories of the Enlightenment and who favored reason, progress, change, individualism, merit, equality, and a just social contract. While literacy in the US grew and advanced improved the nation and brought them together, Mexico fought the boundaries of both class and race. â€Å"In Mexico there is not, nor is there a possibility of developing, a national spirit, because there is no nation† (12). The Indians in the United States, however, were â€Å"too scattered, weak, and unorganized to put up successful resistance, leaving them vulnerable to ruthlessly efficient extermination or relocation at the hands of whites† (5). With the Mexican mind set being the most present figure within this book, Henderson makes a psychological impact by describing the founders of the US republic as being â€Å"enlightened,† â€Å"liberal,’ and vigorous† and their politics â€Å"assertive† and â€Å"robust† (5, 12) with respect to the expansionist ideals. Where as Mexico and Mexicans are described in another light with references to a holocaust and â€Å"violent and traumatic.† Spaniards were â€Å"brutal and callous,† and Spanish law a â€Å"chaotic jumble† (7, 10, 13). As Henderson weaves the imagery of a very defenseless nation and the precognition of defeat and lose for Mexico, the political spectrum is placed into sight as he examines the encounter with Hidalgo and states the indigenous people were â€Å"indulg[ing] themselves in an orgy of looting, pillaging, murder and mutilation,’ forcing he stance towards independent Creoles like Hidalgo to â€Å"gaze into the maw of barbarism† (20). The images placed forth are very descriptive to create a savage stance, one based on no type of foundation to rely on and lack of morals to guide in the past events. It is no surprise to know how the Mexican nation was to be viewed in response to the Texas Revolution and the US invasion, but then again if there is any type of conflict even within the US, there is always going to be an altercation and one side that is left to feel threated, provoked, and aggression towards that entity. Flowing through the history, with Santa Anna leading Mexican troops against the Texas disaffiliation, the battle was fought with â€Å"vagabonds, Indians and criminals† to turn the tide in favor of Mexico, and again against the US roughly a decade later could be categorized as â€Å"ragged† (93, 106). Where is the difference in these categorizations and the gorilla tactics that the US has employed, I think the only difference is the US was more eager for battle and defense, where the Mexican nation was still in its finest hour of rejoice in figuring out the new nations formation. Many have stated Santa Anna as being a â€Å"tyrant† who you could say founded the gorilla ideology by demonstrating â€Å"brutality† and â€Å"cruelty† as he â€Å"slaughtered prisoners at the Alamo and engaged in other â€Å"butcheries† in response to the Anglo-American soldiers and settlers (92, 96, 97, 99, 101). But on the contrary, General Scott was â€Å"gifted in both the military arts and those of diplomacy† and â€Å"carefully cultivated the good will of the people† (168). Is this choice in words to further the animosity towards the US historical figures? In reading Henderson’s A Glorious Defeat, the views are as apparent as the title. You know you are expecting to encounter a novel that is from the Mexican standpoint. To sum up the entire book, Henderson himself put it exceptionally well. â€Å"Certainly it’s not hard to find examples of Mexican bluster and bellicosity, but the great irony and tragedy of the war is the fact that nearly all Mexicans in a position to make decisions realized full well that entering a war with the United States was folly and that Mexico’s loss was a foregone conclusion† (188). Doubtless to say, any novel with respect to one perspective, is going to have that bias projected upon the audience. I will mention, among this analysis of his work, I enjoyed the novel, due to usually hearing the typical US version of encounters; however, I believe this novel would have been made superior to the norm, by inviting the opposing council and having a mixed novel, kind of bringing the view o f a slave and the slave owner within the same realm. This would invite the ultimate view between both sides.

Oedipus :: Greek Gods

Oedipus, the ruler of Thebes, approaches a group of unhappy citizens, represented by a priest, and asks them what is wrong. They answer that the city is dying and that they are sick and poor. Oedipus sympathizes and tells them that, as their ruler, he is also troubled by the sickness of the city, and has already taken steps to see that something be done about it. The first step he has taken was to send Creon to Apollo's shrine to see what the god recommends they do. As Creon appears, he tells them that the god, Apollo, said that there is bad blood in Thebes, and that until this blood is expelled Thebes will be a sick city. This bad blood is the blood of the person who killed Laios. When Oedipus asks why the case was not investigated, as he had not come to Thebes at that point, the people answer that they were too busy trying to solve the Sphinx's riddle. Oedipus says that no matter what the cost is, he will get to the bottom of it, both because it harms Thebes, and because Laios was noble and loyal. The elders say that they do not have any knowledge of the murder, and suggest that Oedipus call Tiresias, a blind prophet, to help and advise him. Oedipus says that he has already done this, and Tiresias arrives promptly. Although reluctant to speak, Oedipus forces Tiresias to reveal what he knows. Tiresias says that Oedipus is Thebes' pollution and that he killed his father and sleeps with his mother, and that this is the truth. Oedipus accuses Tiresias of lying on Creon's behalf so that Creon can kill Oedipus and take over the position of ruler of Thebes. Creon enters and says that Oedipus is not making any sense-of course he did not collaborate with Tiresias, because he also owns a third of Thebes but chooses not to rule it, leaving Thebes to Oedipus, which shows that he is not interested in ruling at all. Iokaste enters and stops the two men from arguing. When Creon leaves, she asks Oedipus what happened and he explains the whole story to her. She tells him not to believe the words of the oracle, as an oracle once predicted that her son would kill his father and share her bed, and this has never happened. She bore a son with Laios, but Laios had the feet of the child bound and had the child tossed in the wilderness.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Multimedia to Enhance Web Sites Cookies & Spyware

Developing websites not only require the knowledge and skills in setting it up in the World Wide Web, but also implementing some elements that help in realizing the purpose of the website, making it attractive and interactive. This aim may be achieved by utilizing multimedia tools and applications in developing the website. Educational website count on multimedia to motivate online users to learn, gaming websites rely on animations for appeal and entertainment, and radio shows available online depend on the quality of audio streaming.Although utilizing multimedia seems to be the most effective way to improve the dynamics of a website to realize its purpose and objectives, it still holds disadvantages both for web site developers, owners, and users. A multimedia website is a dynamic website that utilizes various media of communication and information exchange such as audio and video materials, audio-visual elements, and animations. The objective of injecting multimedia to websites is to improve services and increase its viewers by initially attracting them and keeping them engaged or involved through pure entertainment.It attracts wider populations of online users because it appeals to audio, visual, audio-visual, and kinesthetically motivated individuals. Since multimedia websites are visually attractive overall, first-time visitors become interested and are instantly involved with the elements of the website. (Multimedia Websites, 2005) Aside from these advantages, multimedia websites also allow faster and easier access to larger populations. Access to multimedia websites is not limited to a particular number of online users. Moreover, the content of websites is easily modified when multimedia elements are used.(Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Types of Teaching Media that can be used in a Teleclassroom or on the Web, 2008)The disadvantage of multimedia websites lies in its planning, production, and maintenance stages. Establishing multimedia websites are costly and time-consuming. Website developers who utilize multimedia often require longer periods of time for preparation and development, while setting up multimedia websites require adequate amounts of resources. Maintenance is also key in making sure that the website functions efficiently at all times.However, website owners cannot maintain multimedia websites on their own. They need to require the services of website developers, which is again costly. For online users, it would probably discourage them to view multimedia websites because it takes much time for these websites to download. (Multimedia Websites, 2005) In order to harness the benefits and advantages of multimedia, website developers and owners should consider some important factors. Initially, website owners and developers should determine whether there is a need to utilize multimedia, or to utilize multimedia minimally or fully.This requires determining the purpose, goals and objectives, and content of the web site. Some websites should only use audio or visual elements while other sophisticated websites need to use audio-visual and animation elements. The best way to utilize multimedia effectively is to use it judiciously. Website owners and developers would not want to overwhelm online users with complex and overlapping multimedia structures and they do not want to bore them with plain colors and texts either. (Kit & Kuan, 2006)Learning to control the use of multimedia and knowing when it is appropriate to utilize it is a primary consideration. The time and available financial resources should also be considered. In general, multimedia should be used in developing website if the operator or owner operates on multimedia elements. For instance, radio shows made available online need to establish multimedia website on audio elements. Websites hosting videos, such as YouTube. com for instance, need to maintain audio-visual elements of their multimedia website. Gaming websites, on the other hand, need to utilize animations.One reason for utilizing multimedia in websites is when operators or owners need to do promotions and advertisements through audio, visual or audio-visual means. Another reason is if there is a need to increase user participation and population by targeting user attraction and involvement through multimedia. Compare and Contrast Cookies and Spyware Spyware is an application or data that stealthily manage to enter computer systems or networks to spy on information or computer commands or processes recorded in the computer. The purpose of spyware is to obtain information or data covertly.In addition, the characteristic of spyware is naturally malicious. A user cannot delete it completely because it attaches itself to the system and spies on all computer processes and transactions. Spyware may be used to commit cyber crimes such as identity theft, because it collects private data and information. For example, spyware may be used to collect online bankin g information. Collected data will be used to conduct malicious transactions. (Olsen, 2005) Cookies, on the other hand, are information stored within the computer system.However, cookies are simply recorded for retrieval of information. For instance, cookies may retrieve user names or passwords when logging-in visited websites. (Cookies – Not Spyware, 2008) Cookies, unlike spyware, do not steal but simply make data records (Olsen, 2005) Although cookies seem to be harmless, it may be used instantly to serve the purpose of spywares. This depends on how cookies will be manipulated. For instance, if two people are sharing in one computer, the other might view cookies installed in the computer to determine what websites the other person has been visiting.He may also be able to access private e-mails or accounts on other websites, if the cookies allow automatic user name and password retrieval, and such. Moreover, that person might be able to open online accounts using the persona l information of the other person who he is sharing the computer with. Therefore, although cookies are normally harmless, people might use them to accomplish malicious activities such as identity theft or invasion of privacy. (Cookies – Not Spyware, 2008)

Huckleberry Finn Persuasive Essay

Dominique Garcia English 3 Honors Ms. Boden February 21, 2012 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is a short novel that has been around for more than 100 years. Through the characters Huck and Jim, Twain demonstrates the importance of friendship and humanity in society. This novel is not for the ignorant or uneducated. The novel uses diction to emphasize how the past should not be repeated. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn should belong in the American Canon because it demonstrates how society contributes to our opinions, morals, and attitude.Many students and adults can relate to Huck’s struggle to become free. Most students who read this novel are between the ages of 15-17. Adolescence is a point in a persons life when they do not know who they are. The book explains the struggle most of us go through. Also, the novel shows the importance of friendship. Through the novel, the students learn that it is right to stand up for a cause. For example, in the novel Huck stands up to racism. This can be applied to someone standing up for someone who is being bullied. Also, the novel contains many historical background of the U.S. A. Through this book we can learn what not to do. Twain emphasizes how evil slavery is and how is should not be done again. Most readers are able to understand this through the choice of words he uses. The novel also shows how ignorant and evil society can be. It lets students open their minds to not judge everyone by society’s standards. However, people complain that Twains diction in the novel is derogatory. African Americans argue that there freedom was hard earned and that the word â€Å"nigger† only emphasizes the negative .Some feel that the word is used in wrong connotation and that the book should be banned. They believe that if the youth read the book than it will only influence the use of the word and racism might begin as a problem again. The Adventures of Huckl eberry Finn by Mark Twain is a novel that has withstand 100 years. People still read it and make connections to the novel thru the themes of freedom, friendship, and society’s standards. However, other people see the novel as derogatory, unsuccessful, and improper.

Use the USE Command in MySQL to Switch Databases

Use the USE Command in MySQL to Switch Databases Creating a database in MySQL doesnt select it for use. You have to indicate it with the USE command. The USE command is also used when you have more than one database on a MySQL server and need to switch between them. You must choose the correct database each time you start a MySQL session.   The USE Command in MySQL The syntax for the USE command is: mysql  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ For example, this code  switches to the database named Dresses. mysql  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ After you select a database, it remains the default until you end the session or choose another database with the USE command. Identifying the Current Database If you are unsure which database is currently in use, use the following code: This code returns the name of the database currently in use. If no database is currently in use, it returns NULL. To view a list of available databases, use: About MySQL MySQL is an open-source relational database management system that is most often associated with web-based applications. It is the database software of choice for many of the webs largest sites including Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube. It is also the most popular database management  system for small and medium-sized websites. Almost every commercial web host offers  MySQL services. If you are just using MySQL on a website, you wont need to be involved with the coding- the web host will handle all that- but if you are a developer new to MySQL, youll need to learn SQL to write programs that access MySQL.

Commonly Confused Words Diagnosis and Prognosis

Commonly Confused Words Diagnosis and Prognosis The words  diagnosis and prognosis are commonly (though not exclusively) used in the medical field. Both terms contain the root word gnosis, which means knowledge. But  diagnosis and prognosis refer to different kinds of knowledge or information. Definitions The noun diagnosis refers to the process of analyzing information to understand or explain something. The plural of diagnosis is diagnoses. The adjective form is diagnostic. The noun prognosis means a forecast or predictiona judgment about what is likely to occur in the future. The plural of prognosis is prognoses. In the medical field, diagnosis relates to identifying and understanding the nature of a disease or disorder, while a prognosis  is a prediction of the probable outcome of a disease or disorder. Examples Medical researchers are examining strategies for the early diagnosis of Alzheimers disease.A simple 15-minute brain scan could help doctors diagnose people* with  autism  by identifying structural differences in their brains. Scientists say the scans would speed up what is currently a long and emotional diagnostic procedure and allow the identification of at-risk children more rapidly.​(Alok Jha, Autism Can Be Diagnosed With Brain ScanStudy. The Guardian [UK], August 10, 2010)* See usage notes below.  The prognosis for continued and sustainable improvements in human well-being on a transformed planet Earth is, at best, guarded.​(W.C. Clark et al., Science for Global Sustainability.  Earth System Analysis for Sustainability, ed. by Hans-Joachim Schellnhuber et al. MIT Press, 2004)Our task was to  learn all that was known  about the natural history of disease so that we could make an accurate diagnosis and a reasonably probabilistic prognosis.  That done, ou r function as doctors  would be to enlist the best possible nursing care, explain matters to the patient and family, and stand by.​(Lewis Thomas, The Fragile Species. Touchstone, 1996) Usage Notes The distinguishing  difference between diagnosis and prognosis  is that prognosis implies the prediction of a future state. Thus, to accomplish prognosis requires both diagnostic and predictive tools, the former to sense the current state of damage and the latter to predict the future state based on projected usage and applicable life-prediction routines.​(Materials Damage Prognosis, ed. by James M. Larsen et al., 2005)  The disease, not the patient, is diagnosed. Do not write She was diagnosed with cancer. But also avoid stilted constructions like this: She was given a diagnosis of cancer. Consider simpler alternatives: She learned she had cancer. Tests showed she had cancer. Her doctor told her she had cancer.(Allan M. Siegal and William G. Connolly, The New York Times Manual of Style and Usage, 5th ed. Three Rivers Press, 2015)Lurie 1927 disapproves of using the verb diagnose with a person as its object, even though there is often no other way of avoiding a stilted se ntence. . . . [W]e believe that it is more frequently found in speech than in writing. However, the usefulness of this sense of diagnose is manifest, and its use in writing may well increase.(Merriam-Websters Dictionary of English Usage, 1994) Practice (a) When the ships engine wouldnt start, the chief engineer offered a _____ of the problem.(b) The gloomy _____ for jobs and incomes in the coming year sent stock prices falling. Answers to Practice Exercises (a) When the ships engine wouldnt start, the chief engineer offered a  diagnosis  of the problem.(b) The gloomy  prognosis  for jobs and incomes in the coming year sent stock prices falling.

Contract Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Contract Law - Essay Example If the seller does not deliver the goods as promised and the buyer has to seek alternative sources to acquire the same goods with perhaps a higher price than the earlier agreed upon price, then the buyer has legal redress because his expectations have been compromised and the contract was aimed at protecting his interests in terms of a future rise in the price of the goods he intended to acquire (Feldman and Teichman 46). On the other hand, the seller’s interests of safeguarding against reduction in price are also protected at the time of making the contract. Any failure to meet the terms of the agreement by the two parties is against the provisions of Contract Law and calls legal compensation through court or arbitration process. The drafting of doctrines of Contract Law and the subsequent operationalization in England and USA1 began in the middle of the 19th century when rules of contract law were first put in place in cases such as Hadley v. Baxendale2 in 1894, Raffles v. W ichelhaus3 in 1864 among others. These are historic legal cases that law students all over the world read to better understand contract law. With the development of free markets and expansion of free economies together with laissez faire management, the legal framework of the free market4 was predominantly the contract principles (Hunt 695). Common law is the chief source of the law of contract, and is a makeup of many judicial decisions by courts on similar disputes over a long time in the past. Courts use earlier precedents as sources of law as input to determine the principles of present and future decisions on similar or related disputes. Another source of contract law in the USA has been the restatements of the law promulgated by the American Law institute5, which are a mixture of past cases and predictions of future cases together with prescriptive pronouncements from different fields such as Contracts, Torts, Property, Agency, Employment, Franchising relationships, constructi ons and others. Closely related to contract law and specific to a myriad of commercial subjects is the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) which is yet another source of contract law and which contains separate articles like bank deposits and collections, negotiable instruments and letters of credit and security interests. Article 2 in this code governs transactions in the sale of goods. The other source is the CISG6 or the Vienna Convention which governs international sales transactions thus applying to sale of goods and services between parties who operate in different countries but both countries must have agreed to the provisions of the convention (Marquez-Escobar 122). The UCC has not received Federal legislation attention because it is still being enacted separately by different states with no notable effort to unify it at national level. Features of Contract Law Offer and acceptance, consideration and an intention to create legal relations are the key elements to the creation of a contract in common law. Offer and acceptance which may be written, oral or implied is the most important feature where one party offers a bargain that is accepted by the other party, a scenario also referred to as concurrence of wills for which concrete

Mason and Shepherd' difficulties Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mason and Shepherd' difficulties - Case Study Example The clause 1, 2 and 4 of her contract exclusively forbid her to share any information that is related to the company, its associates and customers or is linked in anyway to its wider interests. The contract is also explicit in that during the employment period and within one year of leaving present employment, she cannot engage in any business or activity that is in direct or indirect competition to the existing area of operation of ATS. As per clause 6, the company has also claim to any new idea that may significantly impact organizational work output and performance. Shepherd’s employment contract also forbids him to share company’s information. At the same time, it also ensures that his employer, Nova Software Company will have claim to any new idea, discovery or development that are conceived during the period of employment and which has direct bearing on the wider ramifications on the operations and performance of the company. Thus, both Mason and Shepherd are in h ighly precarious ground vis-a-vis their employment conditions. There are huge legal and ethical issues that are being violated by Mason and Shepherd. Shepherd was inspired for his new ideas for developing translation software by observing the pros and con of the software developed by his previous employer, Riverhead. But it was only after working for ten years at Nova that he decided to seriously work on translation engine. The new software would expedite the portability of software developed by Nova and other companies on myriad operating systems. Hence, by default the company has claim to the idea and development of translation engine which would complement the software developed by the Nova. Mason has also been exploiting her contacts, developed during her employment at ATS for her own vested interests. She has also been highly unethical in accessing and using confidential information for her personal gain. Mason and Shepherd are both in serious trouble. They now not only need to give advance notice for their resignation but also hire the services of a lawyer who could defend them in the court of law for breach of confidential information, violation of employment contract on various level and for also protecting their future interests vis-a-vis their creative input. Therefore, Mason and Shepherd must hand over their resignation, give advance notice and also take legal recourse to counter any claim by their employers. Answer 2 The non disclosure agreement as prepared by Mason and Shepherd for the prospective venture capitalists lacks professional vision and rational approach. The agreement prohibits the VCs to discuss the wider ramifications of the project with other investors or specialists for its feasibility. The VCs are independent investors who would need to ensure the viability of project before they decide to fund the project. They are also inundated with requests for funding the projects from other businesses and individuals. Thus, it would become hi ghly difficult for VCs to differentiate minor differences amongst the innovative software from different developers. Hence, disclosure agreement must give leverage to VCs so that they can confer with other experts in the field before coming to final decision. Mason and Shepherd can protect their interests by patenting their ideas and software. Hence, it is unreasonable to expect VCs to sign this disclosure agreement. Another important fact is that legitimacy of the company that has yet to become a legal entity. Thus, any legal non disclosure agreement becomes null and void and it is highly unreasonable on the part of Mason and Shepherd to expect their venture capitalists to sign such agreement. Answer 3 Yes. Mason and Shephe

Starbucks Coffee Company - An Analysis Assignment

Starbucks Coffee Company - An Analysis - Assignment Example No Heading Page No 1 Retail Sales Mix by Products Type for Company –Operated Stores 3 2 Coffee & Snacks Shops – Industry at a Glance – 2011 4 3 Total Net Revenues of Starbucks 5 4 Ranking of Porter’s Five Forces 7 5 Outlet Numbers of Selected Specialty coffee stores 9 4 Number of Coffee Outlets - UK 10 6 Comparable Stores Sales Growth 15 1.0 Introduction: Starbuck is the leader in roaster, retailer and marketer of specialty coffee in the international level functioning in sixty nations around the world. Through company operated stores, Starbucks buy and roast first-rate coffee beans which it would market with handcrafted tea, coffee and other hot drinks, roasted beans, coffee accessories and a number of food items to its customers around the world. Starbuck main goal is that its coffee should be grown under the top standards of quality employing just buying practices. (Bussing-Burks: 1). Retail Sales Mix by Products Type for Company –Operated Stores : Starbucks established its first store on March 29, 1971 in Seattle. The major turning point in Starbucks operations started after Howard Schultz joined as director of Starbucks retail marketing and operations in 1982 as Starbucks started to offer coffee to espresso bars and fine restaurants. In 1984, Howard convinced the founders of Starbucks to apply the Italian coffeehouse concept in Seattle and in 1984, the ever first Starbucks Caffe Latte was offered. In 1987, Starbucks was acquired by II Giornale and the name was changed to Starbucks Corporation (Gilbert: 1). In 2000, Howard Schultz was promoted as chairman of the company. In 2008, Howard Schultz returned as the chief executive officer from the position of chairman and Coffee Equipment Company was acquired. In 2011, it acquired evolution fresh and in 2012, it acquired La Boulange. As of 30th September 2012, Starbucks has 9405 company –operated stores and 8661 licensed stores around the world. (â€Å"Starbucks Timeline 2012†). 1.1 â€Å"Segment Analysis â€Å" â€Å"Current Market Position† Coffee & Snacks Shops – Industry at a Glance – 2011 â€Å"USD in Billions† Revenue 26.5 Industry Annual Growth 2006 to 2011 2% â€Å"Annual Growth 2011 to 2016† 4.1% Industry Profit 1.6 Industry Wages 6.1 As per IBIS World Industry Report 2011 (Coffee & Snacks Shops), Starbuck is occupying 32.6% of share in the industry. (Fellner 2008:17). As per Starbucks annual report, Starbuck serves about 33% of total QSR (Quick Service Restaurant), which includes both convenience store coffee shop and coffee shop despite cutthroat competition in QSR, Starbuck is able to hold its share in the industry. Further in the global market, every one cup of coffee out of 100 cups of coffee served is being served by the Starbucks. 1.2 â€Å"Current Strategies† Recovering from recession, Starbucks has attained the highest annual income of $11.7 bn in the year 2011. During 2011, Blonde Roast, was introduced in its products, it entered into the juice segment by acquiring Evolution Fresh. Starbucks is now able to serve about 60 million

Coronary heart disease in London

Coronary heart disease in London Mortality rates due to Coronary heart disease are increasing in the London and its one of the borough Newham. Newham has second height rates of early death due to cardiovascular disease (Newham PCT 2007). 68% of total population are South Asian origin ( Newham, 2008). This eassy is examine the distribution of coronary heart disease among the South Asian community in the London borough of Newham. It will look the demography and ethnicity of borough by using various epidermiolgical data to follow the situation of coronary heart disease among the various community of South Asian ethnic groups.It will also disscuss the mortality rates due to coronary heart disease in different boroughs of London. In addition, it will also disscuss the social and other factors that is responseable for coronary heart disease in the South Asian population in the borough. And at last it will discuss the various international, national and local policies and from the various service gaps it will give some re commendation and ended with conclusion. Coronary heart disease is the one of the main cause of death in the whole world, accounting 18 million death s each year (33% of total death in each year) (World Health Organization, 2001 ). Mortality rates vary considerably between countries, being lower in Japan and Mediterranean countries such as France, Spain, Portugal and Italy, and highest in eastern European countries such as Latvia and Lithuania (World health organization). Around 50% of these deaths are from CHD and further 25% from stroke. Cardiovascular disease mortality rates in the UK are currently amongst the highest in the world, accounting for 36% of premature deaths in men ( those aged less then 75 years ) and 75% amongst women . (sara stanner, 2005,p1 p5 ) Death rates from coronary heart disease are higher in south Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi) men and women than general population of United Kingdom. Across all the age groups, the death rates are 40% higher in south Asian community, with a two fold excess of deaths in south Asian men before the age of 40. South Asian women are affected at later stage. The high death rates due to coronary heart disease are common feature of all the main groups of coming from south Asia. ( Paul McKeigue Leena Sevak, 1994, p1). London, the capital of England and U.K, is the worlds ninth largest city. It has 32 boroughs, of which 13 are situated in the inner London and 19 are situated in outer London. It is the second largest region in terms of total population, accounting for 12 per cent of the UK total. There were 7.6 million residents in 2007.( National Statistics 2009 ). Newham is one of the boroughs of London. The population of Newham is about 262,116 in 2008. The age structure of the population of Newham is predominantly young as shown on the fig1 Source: Joint Strategic Needs Assessment 2008 Only 8% of populations are over 65 years old, compared to national average of 16%. This is the second lower proportion of older people in the country.35% of population are under 25, highest proportion in the country. 22% population is under 15 years old, compared to national average, which is 18%.The population of Newham is estimated to have grown by 7.5 % between the 2001 National Census ( 243,891) and 2008 ( 262,116 ). Two thirds (68%) of population of Newham are usually BMI groups. The largest group was estimated to be South Indian (32%) of which Indian (12%), Pakistani (10%), Bangladeshi (10%).There is also significant numbers of Black African(15%) and Black Caribbean(7%) people in 2006. A large number of people who live in this borough come from outside of the UK. 38% of boroughs population was born outside of the UK. This includes a significant number of people who came as asylum seekers or refugees. There is a marked change in the ethnic composition of wards in Newham between 1991 and 2001. There was an inverse relation ship between the proportion of White resident and Asian. Normally, the wards with high proportion of white residents had a low proportion of Asian residents and vice versa. For example, in Green Street east ward 65% was Asian where only 16% was white resident. In contract, in Royal dock, 61% of population was white and only 7% wa s Asian (Newham, 2008) Ethnicity by ward in Newham Source: Joint Strategic Needs Assessment 2008 Coronary Heart Disease is the major cause of death in the South Asian population in the UK and the death rates of South Asian population due to CHD is higher than the indigenous white population which is stated 46% higher in men and 51% higher in women in the south Asian community in the United Kingdom. Besides the death rates between the South Asian community and rest of the population is increasing they by day due to slow decreasing rates of mortality in the South Asian community rather than the rest of the population ( DOH, 2003). Coronary Heart Disease is prevalent among the South Asians. South Asian people born in India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Pakistan are approximately 50% more susceptible to die prematurely from coronary heart disease than the general population. A joint report by NHS and British Heart Foundation said that it is not completely uncovered why South Asian suffered more heart disease than the other group of population. There is several hypothesis have been offe red. For example, South Asian are genetically more prone to have coronary heart disease and their back ward socio-economic position may also put them at higher risk. Other risk factor common in South Asians are high level of smoking ( Particularly amongst the Bangladeshi men ), low exercise rate and taking high fat diet and low intake of food and vegetables. In addition to suffering high level of heart disease, evidence shows that Asian communities tends to be diagnosed at late stage of the disease and that leeds to poorer survival rates ( DHSSPS, 2004). . The mortality rates due to coronary heart disease in most deprived 20% areas of England is nearly 60% higher than the mortality rates of the least 20% areas of England for both sex between 2001 to 2006. The most vulnerable groups in the United kingdom for coronary heart disease are the South Asian community. Compared to national average, men born in Pakistan or Bangladesh who live in UK are more than twice chance of die due to coronary heart disease ( British Heart Foundation, 2009). Several risk factors that causes the coronary heart disease is identified after extensive statistical study. There are several risk factors pointed by the American Heart Association of which some of the risk factors can be modified or treat ed and some of the risk factors are not, causes of this risk factors are idiopathic. The major risk factors that cant be changed are usually increasing age, gender and the hereditary factor. Above 83% of people, who died due to coronary heart disease are usually over 65years old. Men are more vulnerable to heart attack then women and they are developing the heart disease early stage of the life then women. The third risk factor is hereditary, means the children are more risk of developing heart disease in their life whose parents are suffering from heart disease as well (American Heart Association, 2009). The other major risk factors that can be modified, controlled or treated to cure are discussed below: SMOKING: The people who smoke usually put themselves 2-4 times more risk to develop coronary heart disease then the non smokers (American Heart Association, 2009). South Asian people usually smoke more than the overall general population. But the level of smoking may differ in various ethnic groups. The level of smoking is relatively high in Bangladeshi community and particularly in older people. 42% people in Bangladeshi community are smoker, where only 27% of general population are smoker. 70% of the older men in Bangladeshi community aged 54-70 are usually smokes and the percentage of smoker in the age range of 30-49 is 54%. Smoking levels of South Asian women are much lower than South Asian men and lower than the women who smoke in general population. But there is marked number of Bangladeshi women (14%) are usually smoking cigarettes (DOH, 2004).Chewing tobacco is common in Bangladeshi community .19% of men and 26% of women in the Bangladeshi community are fond of chewing tobacco. Chewin g tobacco is the main tobacco product among the women of Bangladeshi community ( British Heart Foundation, 2002).Fig-4 shows the prevalence of smoking in Newham, where 46% Bangladeshi men and 33% Pakistani men are smoker and among the women the percentage is Pakistan 4%, India1%, and Bangladesh 1% ( Savings life 2007). DIET : The one of the main reason of high prevalence of coronary heart disease in UK is unhealthy diet. People intake too much saturated fat in their diet and consumption of vegetable and fruit. Total energy receive from the fat by adults is falling in a very slow rate, 40% in mid 1970s and now it is around 37%. Now the food habit of the population is changing and percentage of taking saturated fat are falling from around 19% to around 15%. In contrast, 88% of men and 83% of women still taking saturated fat higher than the normal level. The people are eating more fresh fruits since 1940s but the level of taking vegetable is going low. Now a days only 13% of men and 15% of women are taken the right amount of fruit and vegetable in UK. Among the minor ethnic groups, Indian and Pakistani men and women are taking sufficient amount of fruits (British Heart Foundation, 2009).Normally, Bangladeshi men and women are fond of red meat and fried food so their intake of red meat and fried food is highe r than the other community. On the other hand, the men and the women of the Indian community take red meat less frequently and Indian men are not fond of fried food. This food habits affects the overall fat score. The highest fat score in men is naturally goes to Bangladeshi men (22%) and lowest with the Indian men (11%) men. 27% of Bangladeshi women have high fat score compare to Indian women, they have only 8% of them with high fat score. Bangladeshi adults take the lowest level of fruits. Only 15% of Bangladeshi men and 16% of Bangladeshi women eats fruits more than six times in a week. The Pakistani Community have lowest level of vegetable consumption. Only 7% of men and 11% of women in the Pakistani community takes vegetable more than six times a week (British Heart Foundation, 2002). Physical activity: Physically activities definitely lower the risk of coronary heart disease. As a adults, 30 minutes a moderate physical activities at least five times in a week is good for health. But the Health Survey For England shows that only 40% of men and around 28% of women in this country are as active as the recommend level is. The more recent data obtained from Health Survey For England shows that physical activity is little bit increasing between men and women in all age from 1970 to 2006 ( British Heart Foundation, 2009).South Asian men and women usually avoid the physical activities. Among all the south Asian community, lowest levels are found in Bangladeshi community. Only 18% of Bangladeshi male fulfil the recommend level of physical activities, where the percentage of Bangladeshi women is only 7% (British Heart Foundation, 2002). Overweight and Obesity: Obesity is much lower in Indian, Pakistani and most especially in Bangladeshi men. Bangladeshi men are more then 3 times less obese than the general population. The weight to hip ratio is relatively high in Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi men. The percentage of centrally obese Indian men is 41% compare to the general population where the percentage is 28%. Among The women, Pakistani women have low prevalence of obesity and Bangladeshi women have high prevalence of obesity. The level of central obesity of all minor ethnic group women s is higher than the national average ( British Heart Foundation, 2002). Alcohol: Alcohol is relevant to the control of cardio-vascular disease in both ways. First, there is some evidence that shows that moderate alcohol drinking may reduce the risk of heart disease. On the other hand, heavy drinking of alcohol may rise the blood pressure and causes the obesity. Both of them are responsible for increasing the risk of coronary heart disease ( Paul Mckeigue and Leena Sevak, 1994, p19). Adults from all minority ethnic group excluding the Irish community less likely to intake alcohol than the national average of general population. A very small amount of Bangladeshi adults the percentage is less then 5 % and less then 10% of Pakistani adults is ever drinking alcohol at all. Compare to the men , women South Asian community is usually non drinker ( British Heart Foundation, 2002,p109). Blood Pressure: In the report of World Health Organization ( 2002) shows that marked rise of blood pressure is one of the leading risk factor of coronary heart disease (British Heart Foundation,2009). Blood pressure is similar to the levels of the Europeans, in Gujarati Hindus and Pakistani Muslims. The average blood pressure of Bangladeshis are usually lower than the European( Paul Mckeigue and Leena Sevak, 1994,p19). Bangladeshi men have 25% less chance to have high blood pressure than the men of general population. Pakistani women usually have around 25% more chance to grow high blood pressure then the women of general population ( British Heart Foundation, 2002,p130). Psychosocial Well-being: A number of psychosocial factor have been found to associate with the risk of increasing rates of coronary heart disease. They are work stress, lack of social support, depression (including anxiety) and personality (particularly hostility). The General Health Questionnaire ( GHQ12) is used assess the levels of depression, anxiety, disturbance and happiness by the Health Survey for England. It shows that women have high GHQ12 score compared to the men. 18% of women have high score. On the other hand, the percentage of men with high score is only 13%. The younger age groups has lower score then the women and men over the age of 75. There is no strong connection between GHQ12 scores and social class but there is a inverse connection between the GHQ12 scores and income, people who incomes less money usually have high score. Men living in the inner part of the London have more scores than the men of outer London. In case of women, 25% difference between inner Lond on and outer London. Among the ethnic community, Bangladeshis have the highest score followed by the Pakistani community. The percentage of Bangladeshi men and women who have high score is 28% and 30%.According to report, men has less social support then women. 16% of men are reported to have severe lack of social support, where only 12% women claim that they lave lack of social support according to Health Survey for England. Social support also varies with ethnicity. South Asian men and women are more reported to a lack of severe social support. Bangladeshi men are in the highest position with the 37% and Indian women with 34%. Diabetes: Diabetes is one of the major risk factor for coronary heart disease. Men who are suffering from type-2 diabetes have two to four fold of greater risk coronary heart disease. With more risk of coronary heart disease in women. Over 5% of men and 4% of women are suffering from the diagnosed diabetes.The Health survey for England estimate that around 3% of men and 1% women are suffering from diabetes in the UK, which are not diagnosed yet ( British Heart Foundation, 2009). The prevalence of diabetes is much more higher in South Asian community than the general population. In Bangladeshi and Pakistani men and women have the prevalence of diabetes five time higher than the general population( British Heart Foundation, 20002, p-152). The World Health Organization expresses the importance of giving focus on the major known risk factors. Smoking, diet and physical activity associated with other biological factor like blood pressure, dyslipidaemias and obesity is the main risk factor coronary heart disease, so these should be the main focus of the prevention policy. Among all the factors WHO gives more importance to take more steps on tobacco use and obesity ( World Health Organization, 2002). Due to premature mortality rates in the South Asian community ( Indians, Pakistani, Bangladeshis and Sri Lankans) and the rates are higher than national average and the difference in the mortality rates between South Asian Population and white European. Finally, the Campaigns to change the life style organised by NHS is not as effective in South Asian community as the rest of the population. So British Heart Foundation take various activities to fight with coronary heart disease. British Heart foundation produce various videos of different case study in different language for health professionals and carers such as living to prevent heart disease which focuses on prevention and management of coronary heart disease and another one is Get fit, keep fit, and prevent heart disease based on physical activities. Two booklets in Urdu, Hindi, Bengali and English. Looking after your heart which contain the information about prevention and management of coronary heart disease and Medicine for Heart about the drug information. Health advocates project taken by the British Heart Foundation to deals with prevention and management of coronary heart disease in minority groups. This project deals with the training of advocacy worker to act as a interpreter in the minor ethnic groups to translate the situation in their own native language ( /////). British Heart Foundation also run health promotion in the Melas( South Asian fair) where they run a project called QUIT which gives the service of carbon monoxide check, Blood pressure checkand diabetes check ( DOH,2004). Department of health take various policies to prevent the coronary heart disease among the South Asian like Smoking cession service which continue to give advice to qiot smoking(///). To help the South Asian community to give free advice to give up smoking, the NHS has NHS Asian Tobacco Helpline in various language. To increase the physical activity Department of Health launched GP exercise referral schme where GPs are increasing people to take physical activities, Local exercise pilot programme launched at 2003. This project takes different approaches to increase the ethnic communities to take physical activities. Department of Health also take Walking Way to Health project where DOH gives pedometer in various GP centre as a motivational tool to encourage the people to walking. To improve the dietary habit Department of Health took various initiatives such as 5 A DAY initiative where they run cookery classes to increasing the people to take fruit and vegetable. 5 A DAY logo to to give people clear and continious message to eat more fruit and vegetables. Besides that DOH also run a project called school fruit and vegetable scheme where every children( 6-8) will have a piece of fruit or vegetable ( DOH2004). Newham Primary Care Trust also takes some initiatives to prevent coronary heart disease in the South Asian community. Newham Stop smoking Service: This project delivers a evidence based intervention and effective service among the people who want to give up smoke. The hospital smoking service is situated in the Newham university hospital trust in 2005 who give advice to give up smoking among the patient who stay in the hospital. Beside that, as the Newham house hold panel shows that 42% Bangladeshi men 33% and 22% of Pakistani men are smoker the NHS is selecting a advisor in the mosque who will discuss the adverse effect of the smoking and run a anti smoking Champaign in the Ramjan Since 2004( Newham 2007). Physical activities in Newham: Newham Primary Care Trust takes various initiatives to increase the physical activities among its population. Newham Step-o-metre programme to encouraging the patient to take more physical exercise by allowing them to use a free pedometer in short loan period. The Newham gold card system allows its population aged between 5-17 to free entry to Newham leisure club for swimming and other sports. Besides that the trust takes extended school programme and school sport programme( Newham 2007) Newham Fit Club: It is a joint venture by the between the council and PCT launched in 2005.The club gives advice to improve health among the boroughs population. It has two component, open programme for all the resident to increase awareness to improve health and Targeted programme includes a range of physical activities among the Newham employee and senior swims. Food and Nutrition of Newham: There is number of initiatives are taken by the PCT to improve the nutritional status of the population. Food in School is the one project which established in April 2006. It took various steps such as training for the school cook by trained chef, encouraging the people to choose healthier food, a healthy eating theatre production , healthy laucnch packet session for parents etc. There is a pilot programme called Family Life Style programme takes place in autumn of 2005 to increase physical activities, improve the diatary habits and prevent obesity among the children age7-11 ( Newham 2007). After carefully examine the policies I found some service gaps. British Heart Foundation published some videos to improve the awareness among the South Asian community but they dont mention the how it helps the target population, either it was free or people have to buy it. The booklet published in different language is good but it must be insure that it will available to the communities. Department of Health took action against the smoking is good but need more importance. The Asian help line which gives good advice to give up smoking among the South Asian did not say that caller have to pay or not. To increasing the physical activities DOH takes various initiatives but it is too general, as in the South Asian communities, women are also vulnerable to coronary heart disease, but there are no specific policies for women. In the policies to improve the diet Department of Health is focused on the particular age groups rather than the whole population. Newham Primary Care Trust takes va rious initiatives to stop smoking is good, but as the South Asian population is marked smoker need more focus on this communities.To increase the physical activities Newham PCT took various steps but it is more specific about the age and there is no particular steps for women as the South Asian women are conservative in nature and not like to take physical activities in front of male. The steps taken to improve the food habits by the Newham PCT is only based on specific aged groups. As the pattern of food habit is different in South Asian communities so they need more importance in this sector. To improve the situation I have some recommendation in my mind, British Heart Foundation can play theier videos in the South Asian melas where large number of South Asian people can join. Department of Health can make the Smoking quary lines are free of charged. About the policies in physical activities national and local policies are too specific about the aged groups and more generalised. Government and Newham Local Authority can arrange some physical compition like race, marathon etc among the South Asian community so that they can incourage to have more physical activities. To improve the the food habit among the South Asian population I think the best way to trained the South Asian women, because in the South Asian communities usually women are cooking food for all the members. Besides that Government and Local Authority have to give more priorities in education, general health and to provide sufficient house among the South Asian and most importantly create more job vacancies b ecause unemployment is one of the main cause of stress in South Asian community. To conclude, I have to say that South Asian people are distributed largely in the United Kingdom. They are different in religious belief, language and cultural pattern from the indigenous population in the United kingdom. So the risk factors for coronary heart disease is different in South Asian population than the indigenous population. Government should be examine the demography and epidemiological factors, socio-economic factors and various cultural factors that put South Asian population in the Risk of coronary heart disease before making the policies. Reference: Sara Stanner(2005): Cardiovascular Disease: Diet, Nutrition and Emerging Risk Factors, Oxford, Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Petersen, S and Rayner, M (2002): Coronary heart disease statistics, London, British Heart Foundation. McKeigue, P and Sevak, L ( 1994): Coronary Heart Disease in South Asian Communities, London, Health Education Authority. 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